Apple-Macintosh

Historia

Macintosh1 abreviado como Mac, es la línea de computadoras personales diseñada, desarrollada y comercializada por Apple Inc. En sus inicios fue una alternativa económica y doméstica al Lisa, un avanzado microcomputador empresarial, cuya línea de desarrollo fue absorbida por la línea Macintosh. El Mac terminó por convertirse en la línea estándar de desarrollo de los computadores de Apple, al desaparecer la línea evolutiva del Apple II. El Macintosh 128K, llamado así a cuenta de sus 128 KiB de memoria RAM, fue lanzado el 24 de enero de 1984. Siendo el primer computador personal que se comercializó exitosamente,[cita requerida] que usaba una interfaz gráfica de usuario (GUI) y un ratón en vez de la línea de comandos. Sus características técnicas revolucionaron la industria de computadores a mediados de la década de 1980, manteniendo su línea evolutiva de desarrollo hasta el día de hoy. Los primeros Macintosh estaban basados en los microprocesadores de la familia Motorola MC68000, de tecnología CISC. En marzo de 1994, Apple introdujo en la gama Macintosh los chips PowerPC del Consorcio Apple/IBM/Motorola, que suponían el cambio a la tecnología RISC. En 2006, Apple inició la transición desde la línea de PowerPC line a los procesadores Intel con arquitectura x86

Características

Familia Compact:
Macintosh 128K 1984
Macintosh 512K 1984
Macintosh XL 1985
Macintosh Plus 1986
Macintosh 512Ke 1986
Macintosh SE 1987
Macintosh SE-30 1989
Macintosh SE FDHD  1989
Macintosh Classic 1990
Macintosh Classic II 1991
Macintosh Color Classic 1993
Macintosh Color Classic II 1993

Familia Mac II:
Macintosh II 1987
Macintosh IIx 1988
Macintosh IIcx 1989
Macintosh IIfx 1990
Macintosh IIsi 1990
Macintosh IIvi 1992
Macintosh IIvx 1992

Familia Portable:
Macintosh Portable 1989

Familia LC:
Macintosh LC 1990
Macintosh LC II 1992
Macintosh LC III - III+ 1993
Macintosh LC 520 1993
Macintosh TV 1993
Macintosh LC 550 1994
Macintosh LC 575 1994
Macintosh LC 580 1995

Familia Quadra:
Quadra 700 1991
Quadra 900 1991
Quadra 950 1992
Quadra 800 1993
Quadra 840AV 1993
Quadra 605 1993
Quadra 610 1993
Quadra 650 1993
Quadra 630 1994

Familia PowerBook:
PowerBook 100 1991
PowerBook 140 1991
PowerBook 170 1991
PowerBook 145 1992
PowerBook 160 1992
PowerBook 180 1992
PowerBook Duo 210 1992
PowerBook Duo 230 1992
PowerBook 165c 1993
PowerBook 145b 1993
PowerBook 180c 1993
PowerBook 165 1993
PowerBook Duo 250 1993
PowerBook Duo 270c 1993
...

Familia Centris:
Centris 610 1993
Centris 650 1993

Familia Power Macintosh:
Power Macintosh 6100 1994
Power Macintosh 7100 1994
Power Macintosh 8100 1994
Power Macintosh 6200-6300 1995
Power Macintosh 9500 1995
...

Historia

La familia de Macintosh Compact (o Classic), se presenta en 5 tamaños: Macintosh 128K, Macintosh SE, y Macintosh Classic: pantalla en BN de 9 pulgadas (23 cm) Macintosh Color Classic: pantalla en color de 10 pulgadas (25 cm) Macintosh XL. Familia Compact: Macintosh 128K 1984 Macintosh 512K 1984 Macintosh XL 1985 Macintosh Plus 1986 Macintosh 512Ke 1986 Macintosh SE 1987 Macintosh SE-30 1989 Macintosh SE FDHD 1989 Macintosh Classic 1990 Macintosh Classic II 1991 Macintosh Color Classic 1993 Macintosh Color Classic II 1993

Características

CPU: Motorola MC68020
 16 MHz
FPU: 68881
Bus Speed: 16 MHz
Data Path: 32 bit (not 32 bit clean)
ROM: 256 kB
RAM Type: 30 pin SIMM
Minimum RAM Speed: 130 ns
Onboard RAM: 0 MB
RAM slots: 8
Maximum RAM: 20 MB (68 MB via FDHD upgrade kit)
Level 1 Cache: 0.25 kB
Expansion Slots: 6 NuBus

Historia

The Macintosh II series (or sometimes simply Mac II series) is a series of personal computers in Apples Macintosh line. The series debuted with the Macintosh II in 1987 and the final model was the Macintosh IIvx released in 1992. Unlike prior Macintosh models, which were all compact Macintosh designs, the Macintosh II models were modular systems which did not include built-in monitors and were expandable. Beginning with the Macintosh II and culminating in the Macintosh IIfx, the Mac II series was Apple Computers high-end line from 1987 until the introduction of the Motorola 68040-based Macintosh Quadra computers in 1991. Familia Mac II: Macintosh II 1987 Macintosh IIx 1988 Macintosh IIcx 1989 Macintosh IIfx 1990 Macintosh IIsi 1990 Macintosh IIvi 1992 Macintosh IIvx 1992

Características

Teclado Tipowriter style, 84 keys with numeric keypad
CPU Motorola MC 68000 - Velocidad 7.83 MHz
RAM 1 MB (up to 4 MB) - ROM 256 KB
Modo gráfico 512 x 342
Colores Monochrome
Sonido 8-bit mono sound chip
SIZE  WEIGHT 13.6 (H) x 9.6 (W) x 10.9 (D) in  19.5 lb.
IO PORTS Centronics, ADB (2 : Keyboard, mouse), RS232422, Internal expansion slot (96-pin Eurodin)
Almacenamiento interno One or Two 3.5 disk-drives, 20 to 80 MB HDD
OS MAC OS 4.0
Fuente de alimentación Built-in switching PSU
Precio $3700

Características

Processor: 68000, 8 MHz
System Bus Speed: 8 MHz
ROM Size: 256k
Data Path: 16-bit Level 1
RAM Type: 150 ns 30-pin SIMM
VRAM Type: Built-in
Standard RAM: 1 MB
Maximum RAM: 4 MB
RAM Slots: 4 (in pairs)
Standard Hard Drive: 20 MB
Int. Hard Drive Type: SCSI
Standard Disk: 3.25”, 800k, 800k x 2 (auto)
Exp. Slots: SE PDS
Battery Type: 3.6V Lithium
Display: 9 Monochrome
Supported MacOS: 2.0-7.5.1, 7.5.3-7.5.5
Dimensions: 13.6 x 9.69 x 10.9 4.
Avg. Weight: 17.0 lbs.

Historia

The Macintosh Portable is Apple Inc.s first battery-powered portable Macintosh personal computer. Released on September 20, 1989, it was received with excitement from most critics but consumer sales were quite low. It featured a fast, sharp, and expensive black and white active matrix LCD screen in a hinged design that covered the keyboard when the machine was not in use. The Portable was one of the early consumer laptops to employ an active matrix panel, and only the most expensive of the initial Powerbook line, the Powerbook 170, used one, due to the high cost. The cursor pointing function was handled by a built-in trackball that could be removed and located on either side of the keyboard. It used expensive SRAM in an effort to maximize battery life and to provide an instant on low power sleep mode. The machine was designed to be high-performance, at the cost of price and weight. Familia Portable: Macintosh Portable 1989

Características

CPU   Motorola MC 68030
Velocidad   15.77 MHz
Co-procesador   FPU: 16 MHz 68882
RAM   1 / 4 MB (up to 128 MB) + 256 bytes of PRAM
VRAM   64 KB
ROM   256 KB
Modo gráfico   512 x 342
Colores   monochrome (9 black & white Pantalla)
Sonido   four stereo channels
Tamaño/Peso   13.6 x 9.6 x 10.9 / 19.5 lb
Puertos de entrada/salida   two serial RS232/422 ports; two ADB ports (Teclado, mouse), Stereo, Floppy disk connector, SCSI, 68030 Processor Direct Slot (to connect graphic cards, or network card)
Almacenamiento interno   One double sided 3.5 disk drive (1,4 MB)
OS   MAC OS 6.0.3 or later versions
Fuente de alimentación   internal Pilas: 3.6V lithium
Precio   $4400 (USA, 1989)

Características

CPU 16bits Motorola MC 68000 - SPEED 7.83 MHz - RAM 128 kb (expandable to 512 kb) - ROM 64 kb - TEXT MODES 40 chars x 32 lines bit-mapped - GRAPHIC MODES 512 x 342. Contrast level under software control - COLORS black & white 9 monitor - SOUND 4 voices, 12 octave sound @ 22 kHz

Historia

The Macintosh LC (meaning low-cost color) is Apple Computers product family of low-end consumer Macintosh personal computers in the early 1990s. The original Macintosh LC was released in October 1990 and was the first affordable color-capable Macintosh. Due to its affordability and Apple II compatibility the LC was adopted primarily in the education and home markets. Together with the Mac IIsi, it introduced built-in audio input on the Mac. The LC name was subsequently used for a line of low-end Macintosh computers for several years and spanned the 68k to PowerPC transition. Familia LC: Macintosh LC 1990 Macintosh LC II 1992 Macintosh LC III - III+ 1993 Macintosh LC 520 1993 Macintosh TV 1993 Macintosh LC 550 1994 Macintosh LC 575 1994 Macintosh LC 580 1995

Historia

The PowerBook (known as Macintosh PowerBook before 1997) is a line of Macintosh laptop computers that was designed, manufactured and sold by Apple Computer, Inc. from 1991 to 2006. During its lifetime, the PowerBook went through several major revisions and redesigns, often being the first to incorporate features that would later become standard in competing laptops.[1] The PowerBook line was targeted at the professional market, and received numerous awards, especially in the second half of its life, such as the 2001 Industrial Design Excellence Awards Gold status, and Engadgets 2005 Laptop of the Year. In 1999, the line was supplemented by the consumer iBook range. The PowerBook and iBook lines were discontinued and replaced by the MacBook Pro and MacBook families respectively by 2006. Familia PowerBook: PowerBook 100 1991 PowerBook 140 1991 PowerBook 170 1991 PowerBook 145 1992 PowerBook 160 1992 PowerBook 180 1992 PowerBook Duo 210 1992 PowerBook Duo 230 1992 PowerBook 165c 1993 PowerBook 145b 1993 PowerBook 180c 1993 PowerBook 165 1993 PowerBook Duo 250 1993 PowerBook Duo 270c 1993 ...

Historia

The Macintosh Quadra series is Apple Computers product family of professional high-end Apple Macintosh personal computers built using the Motorola 68040 central processing unit. The first two models in the Quadra line were introduced in 1991, and the name was used until the Power Mac was introduced in 1994. The product manager for the Quadra family was Frank Casanova who was also the Product Manager for the Macintosh IIfx. The first models were the Quadra 700 and Quadra 900, both introduced in 1991. The Quadra replaced the Macintosh II series as the high end computer in the Macintosh product line. Familia Quadra: Quadra 700 1991 Quadra 900 1991 Quadra 950 1992 Quadra 800 1993 Quadra 840AV 1993 Quadra 605 1993 Quadra 610 1993 Quadra 650 1993 Quadra 630 1994

Historia

Macintosh Centris is a line of Macintosh computers, introduced in 1993, that were built around the Motorola 68LC040 and 68040 CPUs. The name was chosen to indicate that the consumer was selecting a Macintosh in the center of Apples product line: lower performance (and price) than the Quadra computers, but higher performance (and price) than the Performa computers of the time. The name echoes other neoclassical prestige branding trends introduced at the time such as Lexus and Acura. The name was used for the Centris 610 and Centris 650, which were introduced in March 1993. It was also used a few months later for the Centris 660AV. Familia Centris: Centris 610 1993 Centris 650 1993

Características

Lenguajes   None
CPU   Motorola 68030
Velocidad   16 MHz
Co-procesador   Socket for an optional 68882 math coprocessor
RAM   4 MB up to 10 MB (although 12 MB could sit in the slots)
VRAM   256 KB up to 512 KB (specific SIMM secket)
ROM   1 MB
Modos de Texto   No text mode. Bit mapped characters
Modo gráfico   512 x 384 dots. Could be expanded to 640 x 480 with significant hardware modifications.
Colores   256
Sonido   Mono 16-bit - Built-in speaker - Sonido output jack
Tamaño/Peso   25.15 (W) x 36.8 (H) x 32 (D) / 11 kg
Puertos de entrada/salida   2 x ADB, 2 x serial, SCSI, Sonido In/Out
Almacenamiento interno   3.5
OS   MAC OS 7.1
Fuente de alimentación   Elementos internos switching Fuente de alimentación unit
Perifericos   PDS expansion slot
Precio   $1,390

Características

Introduction Date: November 1, 1994  Discontinued Date:  July 1, 1995
Processor Type:  PowerPC 601  Processor Speed:  60 MHz
Processor Upgrade:  N/A 1.  FPU (Integrated):  PowerPC 601
System Bus Speed:  30 MHz  Lookaside Bus Speed:  30 MHz
ROM Size:  4 MB  Data Path:  64-bit
Level 1 Cache:  32k  Level 2 Cache:  256k (optional)
RAM Type:  80 ns 72-pin SIMM  VRAM Type:  Dedicated DRAM 2.
Standard RAM:  8 MB  Maximum RAM:  72 MB
Motherboard RAM:  8 MB  RAM Slots:  2 (pair) 3.
Standard VRAM:  640k 2.  Maximum VRAM:  640k 2.
Standard Hard Drive:  250 MB  Int. Hard Drive Type:  SCSI
Standard CD-ROM:  2X  Standard Disk:  1.44 MB (manual)
Standard Modem:  N/A  Standard Ethernet:  AAUI-15
Case Type:  Desktop  Form Factor:  Centris 610
Exp. Slots:  NuBus or 601 PDS  Exp. Bays (Free):  None
Battery Type:  3.6V Lithium  Battery Life:  N/A
Built-in Display:  N/A  Supported MacOS:  7.1.2-7.5.1, 7.5.3-9.0
Dimensions:  3.4 x 16.3 x 15.6 4.  Avg. Weight:  14 lbs.
Original Price:  $2600 US  Est. Current Price:  N/A

Características

introduced 1994.07.18 at US$1,300; discontinued 1995.10.14
requires System 7.1.1 (with PowerBook 150 Enabler) to 7.6.1, supports Mac OS 8.1 with Born Again
CPU: 33 MHz 68030
FPU: none
ROM: 1 MB
RAM: 4 MB, expandable to 40 MB using a single Duo RAM card
display: 9.5 4-bit 640 x 400 passive matrix
80 MB, 120 MB, or 250 MB IDE hard drive standard
ADB port: none
serial: 1 DIN-8 RS-422 port on back of computer
SCSI: HDI30 connector on back of computer
hard drive: 120 or 250 MB IDE hard drive (this was the first PowerBook to use an IDE hard drive rather than a SCSI drive.)
proprietary modem slot
Gestalt ID: 115
Size (HxWxD): 2.25 x 11.25 x 9.3
weight: 5.8 pounds
power supply: APS-17adp - 17W, 2A
Alimentación: 7.5 Vcc

Historia

Power Macintosh, later Power Mac, is a line of Apple Macintosh workstation-class personal computers based on various models of PowerPC microprocessors that were developed, marketed, and supported by Apple Inc. from March 1994 until August 2006. The first models were the Power Macintosh 6100, 7100, and 8100, which offered speeds ranging from 60 to 110 MHz. These machines replaced Apples Quadra series of personal computers, and were housed in cases very similar to systems sold by Apple up to that point. The Power Mac went on to become the mainstay of Apples top-end offerings for twelve years, through a succession of case designs, four major generations of PowerPC chips, and a great deal of press coverage, design accolades, and technical controversy. In August 2006, the Power Macs retirement was announced at Apples Worldwide Developers Conference by Steve Jobs and Phil Schiller, making way for its Intel-based replacement, the Mac Pro. Familia Power Macintosh: Power Macintosh 6100 1994 Power Macintosh 7100 1994 Power Macintosh 8100 1994 Power Macintosh 6200-6300 1995 Power Macintosh 9500 1995 ...

Características

(6 de mayo de 1998 - 7 de enero de 2004)
La iMac G3 es la única iMac que incorpora un monitor CRT, de este modelo existen 16 versiones (o revisiones) que van desde el iMac original (con procesador G3 de 233 MHz y una unidad óptica de CD-ROM, hasta la última con procesador G3 de 700 MHz 384MB Ram, 40 Gigas Disco Duro y una unidad de DVD-CDRW)
La iMac G3 fue la primera Macintosh en prescindir de la unidad de disco flexible (disquetera) y del Apple Desktop Bus e incluir puertos USB y el único hasta la fecha en estar disponible en una amplia gama de colores.

Procesador PowerPC G3 a 350, 400, 450 ó 500 Mhz
512K de caché backside de nivel 2
Bus de sistema de 100 Mhz
64 MB o 128 MB de memoria SDRAM PC100 (3,3 voltios, 64 bits de ancho,168 contactos, con una
velocidad de 100 Mhz); dos ranuras DIMM que admitenhasta 1 GB utilizando DIMM de 64 MB,128 MB,
256 MB o 512 MB

Historia

iPad es una línea de tabletas diseñadas y comercializadas por Apple Inc. La primera generación fue anunciada el día 27 de enero de 2010, mientras que el 2 de marzo de 2011 (última presentación de Steve Jobs) apareció la segunda generación. Se sitúa en una categoría entre un teléfono inteligente y una computadora portátil, enfocado más al acceso que a la creación de aplicaciones y temas.